Homework

Sexually Transmitted Diseases-

Public Lice-Crabs

What is it? -A parasite that lives in the hair around your genitals.

How can you catch it? -Mostly by sexual contact, or by infested towels, sharing clothing, and be sharing bedding with someone who has it.

What are the symptoms? -Severe itching, small dots of blood in your underwear. And at times you may be able to see the lice.

How do you know for sure? -The only way to know for sure if you have pubic lice, is to go and have a visual exam of the area.

How is it treated? -Crabs is treated by using a special type of shampoo or lotion, you also will need to wash all your clothes and bedding as well.

What can happen if you don't take care of it? -If it goes untreated, it may lead to a bacterial infection, it may spread to other people, and the symptoms may also get worse.

Chlamydia-
What is it? -An infection caused by bacteria.

How do you catch it? -The only way to catch Chlamydia is by sexual contact with another person who has it. Which includes vaginal, oral, and anal sex.

What are the symptoms? -It varies, some people many have symptoms, and other people may have none at all. They include pelvic pain, frequent or painful urination, vaginal discharge, or bleeding after intercourse.

How can you know for sure? -You can have a urine sample sent to the lab, or you can have a sample of your discharge sent to the lab as well.

How is Chlamydia treated? -The only way that it is treated is by antibiotics.

What can happen if you do not take care of it? -It can cause severe infections of the reproductive organs, infertility(you can't have children) and also if a mother has it, than she can pass it on to her child during childbirth.

Gonorrhea-
What is it? -An infection caused by bacteria.

How do you contain it? -The only way is by having sexual contact with someone that is infected with the virus.

What are the symptoms? -For women, sore throat, pelvic pain, and fever. For Men- Blood of puss from the anus, sore throat, and painful urination.

How are you able to know for sure? -By having a urine sample sent to the lab, or by having a sample of discharge sent to the lab.

How is it treated? -By antibiotics.

What can happen if you don't take care of it? -It can cause PID/Infertility, can be passed on from mother to child during child birth, and can also cause heart trouble, skin issues, and arthritis.

Syphilis-
What is it? -An infection caused by bacteria.

How do you get it? -Sexual contact with someone else who has syphilis.

What are the symptoms? -Painless sore or sores on the mouth, penis, vagina, anus, or somewhere else.

How can you know for sure? -A medical exam of the sores, or a blood test.

How is it treated? -Antibiotics, and possible hospitalization.

What can happen if you don't take care of it? -New sores, rash, fever, hair loss, body aches, damage to the heart and brain, can cause P.I.D, and in severe cases it can also cause death as well.

HIV/AIDS-
What is it? -A virus that damages the body's ability to fight off infections.

How do you get it? -Sexual contact, breast milk, blood-blood contact, and by sharing contaminated needles.

What are the symptoms? -May have none, or a fever, chills, weight loss, white spots in the mouth, swollen glands, raised blotches.

How can you know for sure? -A blood test, or a erasure test.

How is it treated? -A mixture of medicines to fight the spread of the infection and any accompanying illness.

What can happen if you don't take care of it? -You can develop life threatening illness, a mother can pass it to her child, and you can also spread it on to your partners.

Genital Herpes-
What is it? -An infection caused by the herpes simplex virus.

How do you catch it? -Sexual contact or skin-skin contact, the virus can also be passed even if there are no sores present at the time.

What are the symptoms? -Swollen glands, painful blisters, and sores.

How can you know for sure? -By having either a medical exam done of the sores, or by taking a simple blood test.

How is it treated? -Once infected, the virus stays in your body. You can use medications, or cream.

What can happen if you don't treat it? -The sores will come and go, normally with stress.. They can spread the virus to sex partners. And the mother can pass the virus to the child during birth.

Genital Warts-
What is it? -An infection that is caused by papilloma virus. (HPV)

How do you get it? -By having sexual contact, or skin-skin contact with someone who has HPV.

What are the symptoms? -Some people may have none at all, or you could have small painless bumps, or slight itching.

How can you know for sure? -By having a medical exam of the bumps, or by having a P.A.P test in women.

How is it treated? -Once infected, the virus stays in your body forever. But you can have them burned off, frozen off, or either cut off.

What can happen if you don't take care of it? -The warts can grow larger, HPV is the leading cause of cervical cancer in women, and it can spread to other sex partners.


Tobacco Project 10/15/2007

Body Recovery-20 minutes after you quit smoking, your heart rate and your blood pressure drop. 12 hours after quiting the carbon monoxide level (carbon monoxide is an odorless, colorless gas that interferes with the delivery of oxygen in the blood to the rest of the body) in your blood drops back down to normal. 2 weeks-3 months after quiting, your circulation improves, and your lung function increases. 1-9 months after quiting, coughing and shortness of breath decrease, cilia (tiny hair-like structures that move mucus out of the lungs) regain normal function in the lungs, increasing the ability to handle mucus, clean the lungs, and reduce the risk of an infection. 1 year after quiting, the excess risk of coronary heart disease is half that of a smoker's. 5 years after you quit, your stroke risk is reduced to that of a nonsmoker 5-15 years after quitting. 10 years after smoking, the lung cancer death rate is about half that of a continuing smoker's, and the risk of cancer of the mouth, esophagus, bladder, throat, cervix, and pancreas decrease. Finally 15 years after smoking, the risk of coronary heart disease is that of a nonsmokers.

Second Hand Smoke-Secondhand smoke is a mixture of 2 forms of smoke from burning tobacco products. These two types are side stream smoke, and mainstream smoke. When nonsmokers are around people who smoke, it is called involuntary smoking or passive smoking. Nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke absorb nicotine and other toxic chemicals just as smokers do. Second hand smoke is a big problem, and is classified as a "known human carcinogen." Did you know that tobacco contains over 4,000 different types of chemicals? And more than 60 of these are known to cause cancer. Each year second hand smoke does a lot of damage such as..An estimated 35,000 deaths from heart disease in people who live with smokers but are not current smokers, about 3,500 lung cancer deaths in non smoking adults, it also increases the number of ear infections in young children..Also much more. It has been proven that if you are a pregnant women, and you are exposed to ETS.. You are at an increased risk of having a low birth weight baby. What can be done about second hand smoking? Well let's see.. local, state, and federal authorities can enact public policies to protect people from secondhand smoke and to protect children from tobacco-caused diseases and addiction, and also there are laws that protect against it.. Such as clean indoor air laws. Secondhand smoke can also permeate the clothing, and hair color. The 3 main places that you should be alarmed about is your home, your workplace, and public places. This is usually where most secondhand smoking occurs.


Contraceptives 11/7/2007

The Birth Control Pill- This method of birth control is 92-99% effective, if you take it correctly. You should take your pill each and every day, and try your hardest not to forget about it. It's also more effective if you take it at about the same time every day. By taking this pill it can make your periods more regular, and less painful. It can also improve with helping with acne, and it can also lower your risk of getting ovarian cancer. Some side effects of this pill are headaches, weight gain, spotting, and maybe even nausea. The side effects vary from person to person.


The Progestin Only Pill- This pill has also been found to be about 92-99% effective when taken correctly. This pill you must take at the same time each and every day. You are able to use this pill well you are breast feeding, and your ability to get pregnant returns quickly after stopping. Some side effects of this method of birth control may be spotting.


The Patch (Ortho Evra)- The patch is once again 92-99% effective when taken correctly. The way the patch works is by putting a new patch on once a week for 3 weeks, and then on your fourth week you do not wear a patch. (This is the time when the girl has her period) The patch can also help in regulating your period, and making it less painful. The reason why some people choose the patch over the pill is because you don't have to take a pill every day.. So you don't have to worry about forgetting to take your pill. But by wearing the patch for 3 weeks, it can lead to irritation around and underneath the skin.


The Ring. (Nuvaring)- Is 92-99% effective when used correctly. The way it works is a small ring is inserted into the vagina, you insert a new one every month. This can also make your periods more regular, and to be less painful. You are able to insert the ring by your self, and you do not need a doctor to help you in doing so. Your ability to get pregnant returns quickly after stopping this method of birth control. But it can cause vaginal discharge.



IUD (Intrauterine Device)- This method is more effective, it is proven to be 98-99%. This must be placed inside of the uterus by a health care provider or by your doctor, and it also must be removed by one of them as well. It can reduce period cramps, bleeding, and can be used during breastfeeding as well. Spotting may occur, and on rare occasions your uterus can be injured during placement.


The Male Latex Condom- 85-99% effective. (It depends on weather or not you use it correctly) You need to use a new condom each and every time that you have sex. (Never use the same condom more than once) There is no prescription needed to contain condoms, and they are very easy for you to get a hold of them and to buy them. The male condom protects against diseases and also against Aids. Places that you shouldn't store your condoms are in your club department, your car, or in your wallet.


The female condom- This method of birth control is 75-79% effective. You need to use a new one each time you have sex. There is no prescription needed to get these, and they are very easy for you to buy. This method is good for people that have a latex allergy, and it also helps protect you from getting any diseases or Aids. But it can also be hard to insert, and it may slip out during sexual intercourse. It can also irritate the vagina and/or the penis as well.


Spermicides- This method of birth control has found to be 71-82% effective if used correctly, and it must be used every time that you have sex. It is very easy for you to buy, and you do not need a prescription to do so. Some couples use it as part of their sex play. This method increases your rate of getting a bladder infection, and it should not be used during vaginal bleeding.

Diaphragm- This type of birth control can be 80-94% effective at preventing unwanted pregnancy. It must be used each and every time that you have intercourse and you must use a spermicide whenever you use a diaphragm. In order to have one, you have to have your health care provider insert it for you. It lasts for several years, and also comes at a very cheap price as well. It can not protect you from HIV, but it can however protect you from other sexually transmitted diseases. Like spermicides, you should not use this method during vaginal bleeding and it also gives you a higher risk of getting a bladder infection.

The Implant- This method is a very good one at protecting unwanted pregnancy. It has found to be 99% effective. A doctor must place this under the skin of your upper arm, and it also must be removed by your doctor as well. The Implant can be left inside of you for up to 3 years until it needs to be removed. If you should decide to stop this method of birth control, your ability to get pregnant will return quickly. This can cause problems with your periods each month, such as spotting, a heavier period, and sometimes having no period at all.

The Shot- The shot is proven to be 97% effective when used correctly. You go to your local doctor and they give you a new shot every 3 months. Each shot works for up to 10 years, and also helps you not get uterus cancer. The shot can also be used well you are breast feeding. This form of birth control can also cause changes in your period each month. It can also cause weight gain, and a change in your sex drive. Some women might also have side effects for up to 6 months after stopping the shot.

Emergency Contraception- It is 75-89% effective, but it depends on how long you waited to take the pill after you last had unprotected sexual intercourse. You are supposed to take 2 pills together as soon as possible after you have unprotected sex. (It is not good to wait a while, or else the percentage of it working is a lot lower.) If you are 18 or older you do not need a prescription for this method or birth control. If you take this pill, your next period may come a few days early or maybe even a few days late. You should make sure you don't take this pill more than 5 days after you had sex.